Visualization of C++ Code Logic

This document visualizes the logic of a simple C++ program that reads integers from standard input and counts consecutive duplicates until a zero is entered.

Code Breakdown

C++ Code Snippet

#include 

int main() {
    int n = 1, a1, a2, i = 0;
    while (n != 0) {
        std::cin >> n;
        a1 = a2;
        a2 = n;
        if (a2 == a1) {
            i++;
        }
    }
    std::cout << i;
    return 0;
}

Key Components

1. Variables:

   • n: The input number from the user.
   • a1: Stores the previous input number.
   • a2: Tracks the current input number.
   • i: Counts the number of consecutive duplicates.

2. Control Structures:

   • while loop: Continuously reads numbers until n equals 0.
   • if statement: Compares the previous and current numbers.

Visual Representation

Flowchart

+-------------------+
|      Start        |
+-------------------+
         |
         v
+-------------------+
|  Set n = 1       | 
|  Set i = 0       |
+-------------------+
         |
         v
+-------------------+
|  While n != 0    |<-----------------------+
+-------------------+                        |
         |                                    |
         |  +------------------------------+ |
         |  | Read input n from cin      | |
         |  +------------------------------+ |
         |                                    |
         v                                    |
+-------------------+                          |
|   a1 = a2        |<-------------------------+
|   a2 = n         |
+-------------------+
         |
         v
+-------------------+
| If a2 == a1      |
+-------------------+
         |
  +------+------+
  |             |
 Yes           No
  |             |
  v             v
+-------------------+                         
|   i++            |                         
+-------------------+                         
         |                                    
         v                                    
+-------------------+                          
| Loop back to     |                          
| While condition   |                          
+-------------------+                          
         |
         v                                    
+-------------------+
|  Output i         |
+-------------------+
         |
         v
+-------------------+
|       End         |
+-------------------+

Explanation of the Flowchart Components

1. Initialization:

   • The program starts by initializing n to 1 and i (the count of consecutive duplicates) to 0.

2. Reading Input:

   • The while loop continues to execute as long as n is not 0. Inside the loop, the program reads an integer n from standard input.

3. Updating Previous Values:

   • The previous input value a1 is updated to the last value stored in a2, which gets updated with the current input value n.

4. Consecutive Duplicates Check:

   • An if condition checks if the current input value a2 is equal to the previous value a1.
     • If true, it increments the counter i.

5. Loop Continuation:

   • The flow loops back to the while condition, prompting for a new input until the user enters 0.

6. Output and Termination:

   • Once the loop exits, it prints the count of consecutive duplicates and ends the program.

Conclusion

This flowchart effectively captures the logic and flow of the C++ program, detailing how it processes user input to count consecutive duplicate integers until a termination condition is met. It serves to clarify the interaction between variables and control structures, enriching understanding for those less familiar with programming constructs.

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